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Pyramiden Heliport ((ノルウェー語:Pyramiden helikopterhavn); ) is a heliport located at Pyramiden in Svalbard, Norway. The airport is owned and operated by Arktikugol, who owns the mining town. The airport consists of a gravel runway and apron measuring and a small terminal building. There is capacity for up to three helicopters on the apron. Flights are carried out by Spark+ using two Mil Mi-8 helicopters. Flights are flown to Barentsburg Heliport, Heerodden and Svalbard Airport, Longyear at irregular intervals. The airport opened in 1961 to allow Aeroflot to commence flights between Barentsburg and Pyramiden using Mil Mi-4 airport. An upgrade was carried out in the late 1970s after the airport in Longyearbyen opened. By then five Mil Mi-8 were stationed on Svalbard. A crash during landing on 27 March 1991 killed two people. Flights were reduced during the 1990s and from 1998 Pyramiden was abandoned, reducing use of the heliport to a minimum. ==History== Arktikugol commenced flights on Svalbard in 1961, at first operating a shuttle service between their two remaining mining towns, Barentsburg and Pyramiden. Barentsburg received a larger facility and was the base of operations. Flights were initially carried out by Aeroflot using two Mil Mi-4 helicopters with a capacity for eleven passengers.〔Risanger: 319〕 The ''Aviation Act'' applies to Svalbard and from 1961 to 1974 Arktikugol followed this by applying for and receiving a helicopter operating concession from the Ministry of Transport and Communications. After 1974 the Soviet Union stated that the regulations were in violation of the Svalbard Treaty allowing free shipping.〔Risanger: 317〕 The Soviet Union agreed in 1971 to allow the construction of Svalbard Airport, Longyear. The condition was that the airport be built with capacity to allow Aeroflot to operate flights to Moscow. This would again increase the need for the heliport in Pyramiden, as it would be used for fly passengers from Barentsburg to the Longyearbyen. Svalbard Airport, Longyear opened in 1975.〔Risanger: 260〕 In 1977 the Civil Aviation Administration installed seven navigational lights around Billefjorden, aiding navigation through the polar night. This was met with some controversy, as one of the lights was placed in Gåsøyane Bird Sanctuary.〔Risanger: 330〕 Arktikugol increased its fleet to five Mil Mi-8 helicopters, all with Aeroflot markings.〔Risanger: 316〕 Each helicopter has a capacity for 28 passengers and a range of .〔 Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, subsidies and resources allocated to Svalbard and Arktikugol were diminished. By 1993 there were only two remaining helicopters, and all crew and airport employees were relocated to live in Barentsburg.〔Holm: 18〕 During the early 1990s, there were about 40 to 60 aircraft movements per month at Pyramiden, with higher frequency during the summer.〔Accident Investigation Board Norway (1991): 23〕 Operation were reduced from 1998 when Arktikugol closed Pyramiden.〔Holm: 108〕 However, Arktikugol retains an operational heliport and continues irregular flights to Pyramiden.〔Accident Investigation Board Norway (2013): 4〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pyramiden Heliport」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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